The Basics
Typeface - A collection of letter, symbols
and numbers. etc.
Font - For example what I am typing with right now,
a complete set that has uppercase, lowercase etc. whereas
a typeface is referring to the design of the actual letterforms.
Cap Height- The hight from the baseline to
the top of the uppercase letters.
Base Line - The imaginary line which the
letter rests on.
X height - For example a large x- height
appears larger than it is s you could use a
smaller point size.
Serif - The extra stroke on some or all
letterforms used to mimick handwriting.
Sans Serif - Basically without serifs.
Terminal - The end of any stroke that
doesn't have a serif on.
Roman - Known as a normal font.
Oblique - Slanted and sheered type
designed differently from upright and
roman fonts, reflects calligraphy.
Descender - Any part in a lowercase letter
that extends below the baseline.
Ascender - "
" above the baseline.
Diactric - Mark/sign that is added on top
of thë letter. On letters it can change the way
the word is pronounced.
e.g. Años pronounced an-yos.
Small Caps - X height uppercases in lowercase
similar to italic letterforms.
Superscript - A letter figure or symbol is placed
above the normal print line.
Subscript - The opposite.
Underline - Slightly below the infinity line.
between specific letters/characters.
Orphan - Block of text that is on its
own.
Leading - Vertical space between lines of text.
Baseline to baseline (linespacing)
Counter - Enclosed/partially circular or curved
space.
Eye - the bit in the 'e'
Bowl - The curved part that encloses the counter.
Aperture - Partially enclosed, negative space.
Crossbar - Stroke across the middle, 'H'
Ear - Like a serif.
Link - Connects the bowl and loop of the letter
'g'
Tail - Q ascends below the baseline.
Colophon - Information about typefaces used to
identify the publisher, date.. etc at the end of the
publication.
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